Terms and conditions of use

Please read the following terms and conditions carefully before using this website. By using this website, you agree to these terms and conditions. If you do not agree to these terms and conditions, please do not use this website. These terms and conditions set out the terms and conditions on which you may use this website and apply to every page of this website, whether or not these terms and conditions appear on each individual page.

This website is owned and operated by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited reserves the right, at its discretion, to change, modify, add to, or remove portions of these terms and conditions at any time and to restrict access to any areas of this website at any time, without notice or liability. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited suggests that you check these terms and conditions periodically for changes. If you use this website after changes are posted to this section, you accept the changed terms and conditions.

These terms and conditions are specific to this website and do not relate to any website of The Vanguard Group, Inc. ("VGI") or the website of any other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies (as defined under "About Vanguard Asset Management, Limited" below), although VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies do have certain rights under these terms and conditions, as provided for in these terms and conditions. These terms and conditions are intended to be enforceable by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited and VGI and also by other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies, as well as by you.

International use

This website will not be considered a solicitation for or offering of any investment product or service to any person in any jurisdiction where such solicitation or offering would be illegal. The distribution of the information contained in this website in certain countries may be restricted by law and, accordingly, persons who access it are required to inform themselves about and to comply with any such restrictions. When using this website, you must comply with all applicable local, national and international laws and regulations, including those related to data privacy, international communications and exportation of technical or personal data. It may be illegal to download the information contained on this website in certain countries and Vanguard Asset Management, Limited and each other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies disclaims all responsibility if you download any information from this website in breach of any law or regulation of the country in which you reside.

About Vanguard Asset Management, Limited

Vanguard Asset Management, Limited is registered in England with registration number 07243412 and has its registered office at 4th Floor, The Walbrook Building, 25 Walbrook, London, EC4N 8AF. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited is authorised and regulated in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority and is authorised to passport its investment services and activities into other EU countries. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited's VAT number is 100 1276 85. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited is a member of a group of companies of which VGI, incorporated in Pennsylvania, USA, is the ultimate holding company ("The Vanguard Group of Companies").

Material on this website

This website provides general information about Vanguard Asset Management, Limited and its business, including information about the services it offers. The materials on this website are for information purposes only. Nothing on this website constitutes legal, tax, or investment advice. You must not, therefore, rely on the content of this website when making any investment decisions. You alone will bear the sole responsibility of evaluating the merits and risks associated with the use of any materials on this website before making any decisions based on such materials. In exchange for using such materials, you agree not to hold Vanguard Asset Management, Limited or any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on the materials made available to you through this website.

Limited licences and restrictions on use of materials

Vanguard Asset Management, Limited grants you a limited, revocable, nonexclusive, nontransferable licence to view, store, bookmark, download, and print the pages within this website solely for your personal, informational, and noncommercial use or as expressly authorised by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited in writing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, financial advisers, trust professionals, registered investment advisers, broker-dealers, nominees and other institutional trading partners (collectively, "Intermediaries") may use the data and information provided on this website for certain commercial uses with Vanguard's prior approval or as otherwise permitted on this website, provided that such Intermediaries comply with all other terms and conditions as set forth in these terms of use. You are responsible for obtaining and maintaining all equipment, services, and other materials that you need to access this website. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited reserves all rights not expressly granted in these terms of use. Except as otherwise stated in these terms of use or as expressly authorised by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited in writing, you may not (or enable others to):

  • Modify, copy, screen capture, distribute, forward, transmit, post, display, perform, reproduce, publish, broadcast, license, create derivative works from, transfer, sell or exploit any reports, data, information, content, software, products, services or other materials on, generated by or obtained from this website, whether through links or otherwise (collectively, "Materials");
  • Redeliver any page, text, image, or Materials on this website using "framing" or other technology;
  • Engage in any conduct that could damage, disable, or overburden (i) this website, (ii) any Materials or services provided through this website, or (iii) any systems, networks, servers, or accounts related to this website, including without limitation, using devices or software that provide repeated automated access to this website, other than those made generally available by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited;
  • Probe, scan, or test the vulnerability of any Materials, services, systems, networks, servers, or accounts related to this website or attempt to gain unauthorised access to Materials, services, systems, networks, servers, or accounts connected or associated with this website through hacking, password or data mining, or any other means of circumventing any access-limiting, user authentication or security device of any Materials, services, systems, networks, servers, or accounts related to this website;
  • Modify, copy, obscure, remove, or display name, logo, trademarks, text, notices, or images of any of The Vanguard Group of Companies without their express written permission. To obtain such permission, you may email us at: intellectualproperty@vanguard.com; or
  • Include the term "Vanguard," any VGI trademark, the name of any executive of The Vanguard Group of Companies, or any variation of the foregoing, as a meta-tag, hidden textual element, or any other indicator that creates an impression of affiliation, sponsorship, or endorsement by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited and/or The Vanguard Group of Companies.

Linking conditions

You may not link to this website unless you comply with these linking conditions ("Linking Conditions"). Vanguard Asset Management, Limited grants you a limited, revocable, nonexclusive right to create a hyperlink to this website ("Link"), provided you comply at all times with the following conditions:

  • The Link must resolve only to Vanguard Asset Management, Limited's homepage of this website. Linking to other content within this website is prohibited without Vanguard Asset Management, Limited's express written permission.
  • The text of the Link must read either "Vanguard Asset Management" or "www.vanguard.co.uk". You may not use any VGI logo or graphic, or any other VGI trademark, as part of the Link without Vanguard Asset Management, Limited's express written permission.
  • The Link and surrounding context on the linking website must not: (a) falsely represent or misrepresent any relationship between the linking website and The Vanguard Group of Companies, including suggestions of affiliation, endorsement or sponsorship; (b) portray The Vanguard Group of Companies, or their products or services, in a false, misleading, derogatory or otherwise offensive manner; or (c) alter the layout, content, look or feel of this website. You may not maintain numerous or pervasive links to this website.

User content and licence grant

You agree that you are solely responsible for all information, data, content, text, photographs, graphics, images, videos, messages, comments, quotations, files, documents, and any other materials that you submit, upload, post, email, transmit, or otherwise make available via this website ("User Content"). By submitting, uploading, posting, emailing, or transmitting User Content to this website, you represent and warrant that either you own all right, title, and interest in and to the User Content or have express permission from the owner to copy and use such User Content for all purposes related to this website. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies do not control and are not responsible for the User Content uploaded via this website, and Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies neither guarantee the accuracy, quality, or appropriateness of nor endorse any User Content submitted to this website.

You grant Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies and each of their affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, agents, licensors, and vendors a perpetual, worldwide, irrevocable, nonexclusive, fully paid up, royalty-free, sublicensable, and transferable right and licence to use, store, modify, adapt, translate, publish, display, broadcast, perform, disclose, distribute, sell, reproduce, and create derivative works from any User Content, in whole or in part, in any medium or technology throughout the world, including any inventions, concepts, techniques, know-how, ideas, or expressions of ideas arising out of or based on the User Content, for any purpose in the sole discretion of Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies, without the requirement of any permission from or compensation or notice, and without liability, to you or any third party. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies shall exclusively own all right, title, and interest in and to any derivative works or inventions created by or on behalf of Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies that incorporate or otherwise make use of any User Content, without the requirement of any permission from or compensation or notice, and without liability, to you or any third party.

None of the User Content that you submit, upload, post, email, or transmit or otherwise make available via this website shall be subject to any confidentiality obligations by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies and each of their affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, agents, licensors, and vendors. Except as may be provided by applicable laws, Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies shall not be liable in any way for any User Content or for the use or disclosure of any User Content.

You acknowledge that Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies and/or their vendors may or may not (but are not obligated to) monitor User Content, but that Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, VGI and other members of The Vanguard Group of Companies shall have the right in their sole discretion to monitor, post, move, refuse, or remove any User Content, in whole or in part, for any reason whatsoever, without notice and without liability.

Third-party content

Vanguard Asset Management, Limited is in no way responsible for the content of any website owned by a third party that may be linked to this website via hyperlink, whether such hyperlink is provided by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited or by a third party. Where this website contains links to other sites and resources provided by third parties, these links are provided for your information only. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited has no control over, and does not prepare, edit, or endorse, the contents of those sites or resources and neither Vanguard Asset Management, Limited nor any other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies makes any representation as to the accuracy, timeliness, suitability for use, or completeness of any of such sites or resources and has not and will not review or update them. You will use any such third party content at your own risk.

Disclaimers

  • THERE ARE NO IMPLIED OR EXPRESS WARRANTIES ON THE MATERIALS IN THIS WEBSITE; THEY ARE PROVIDED "AS IS."
  • VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LIMITED DISCLAIMS, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ALL IMPLIED OR EXPRESS WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  • VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LIMITED DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE MATERIALS WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, THAT DEFECTS WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT THIS WEBSITE OR THE SERVER THAT MAKES IT AVAILABLE ARE FREE FROM VIRUSES OR OTHER HARMFUL COMPONENTS.

Copyrights, trademarks and patents

SONIA is the abbreviation for the Sterling Overnight Index Average, which reflects the average of interest rates that banks pay to borrow overnight, unsecured sterling cash on a given day.

Information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy. The Index referenced herein is used with permission. The Index may not be copied, used, or distributed without J.P. Morgan’s prior written approval. Copyright 2016, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.

All materials on this website, whether separate or compiled, including, but not limited to, text, graphics, audio clips, logos, buttons, images, digital downloads, data compilations, software, icons, html code and xml code, as well as all copyright, patent, trademark, trade dress and other rights therein, are owned or licensed by VGI and its third-party information providers (and are used by Vanguard Investments Switzerland GmbH under licence).

Pursuant to Section 512(c)(2) of the Copyright Revision Act, as enacted through the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Vanguard designates an agent as described below to receive notifications of claimed copyright infringement by mail: Pamela Crocker  Senior Counsel, The Vanguard Group, Inc., P.O. Box 2600, V-26, Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600.

All VGI graphics, logos, page headers and service names are trademarks, service marks or trade dress of VGI. VGI's trademarks, service marks and trade dress may not be used in connection with any product or service that is not The Vanguard Group of Companies', in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among customers or investors, or in any manner that disparages or discredits any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies. Nothing contained on this website should be construed as granting any licence or right in or to any trademarks, service marks or trade dress of VGI.

CGS identifiers have been provided by CUSIP Global Services, managed on behalf of the American Bankers Association by Standard & Poor’s Financial Services, LLC, and are not for use or dissemination in a manner that would serve as a substitute for any CUSIP service. The CUSIP Database, © 2018 American Bankers Association. “CUSIP” is a registered trademark of the American Bankers Association.

Copyright © 2017, Citigroup Index LLC. All rights reserved. "Citigroup", "Citi" and other service marks and trademarks related to Citigroup Index LLC are trademarks and service marks of Citigroup Inc. or its affiliates, are used and registered throughout the world, and are used under license for certain purposes by Vanguard. The investment fund offered herein is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Citigroup Index LLC ("Citigroup Index"), and Citigroup Index makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in such fund. Reproduction of the Citigroup Index data and information in any form is prohibited except with the prior written permission of Citigroup Index. Although such data and information is believed to be reliable, Citigroup Index does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, completeness or availability of any data and information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such data and information. CITIGROUP INDEX GIVES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE. In no event shall Citigroup Index be liable for any direct, indirect, special or consequential damages in connection with any use of the Citigroup Index data and information.

All trademarks, service marks and logos appearing on this website are the exclusive property of their respective owners.

Apple, the Apple logo, iPad, iPhone, and iPod touch are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the US and other countries. App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc.

BLOOMBERG® is a trademark and service mark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. BARCLAYS® is a trademark and service mark of Barclays Bank Plc, used under license. Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited ("BISL") (collectively, "Bloomberg"), or Bloomberg's licensors own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. The products are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by “Bloomberg or Barclays”. Bloomberg and Barclays make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners or purchasers of the products or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the products particularly or the ability of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices to track general bond market performance. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has passed on the legality or suitability of the products with respect to any person or entity. Bloomberg’s only relationship to Vanguard and the products are the licensing of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices which are determined, composed and calculated by BISL without regard to Vanguard or the products or any owners or purchasers of the products. Bloomberg has no obligation to take the needs of the products or the owners of the products into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays is responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the products to be issued. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the products.

CFA® and Chartered Financial Analyst® are trademarks owned by CFA Institute.

Vanguard funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold, or promoted by the University of Chicago or its Center for Research in Security Prices, and neither the University of Chicago nor its Center for Research in Security Prices makes any representation regarding the advisability of investing in the funds.

The Dow Jones indices (the "Indexes") are products of Dow Jones Indexes, licensed trademarks of CME Group Index Services LLC ("CME"), and have been licensed for use. "Dow Jones®" and "Dow Jones Indexes" are service marks of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings, LLC ("Dow Jones"), have been licensed to CME, and have been sublicensed for use for certain purposes by The Vanguard Group, Inc. The Vanguard Group Inc.'s funds and/or ETFs based on the Indexes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones, CME or their respective affiliates and Dow Jones, CME and their respective affiliates make no representation regarding the advisability of investing in such product(s).

Financial Engines, Financial Engines Investment Advisor, Advice Server, and AdviceLight are trademarks of Financial Engines, Inc. Financial Engines Advisors LLC, a federally registered investment adviser and wholly owned subsidiary of Financial Engines, Inc., provides all advisory services.

London Stock Exchange Group companies include FTSE International Limited ("FTSE"), Frank Russell Company ("Russell"), MTS Next Limited ("MTS"), and FTSE TMX Global Debt Capital Markets Inc. ("FTSE TMX"). All rights reserved. "FTSE®", "Russell®", "MTS®", "FTSE TMX®" and "FTSE Russell" and other service marks and trademarks related to the FTSE or Russell indices are trademarks of the London Stock Exchange Group companies and are used by FTSE, MTS, FTSE TMX and Russell under licence. All information is provided for information purposes only. No responsibility or liability can be accepted by the London Stock Exchange Group companies nor its licensors for any errors or for any loss from use of this publication. Neither the London Stock Exchange Group companies nor any of their licensors make any claim, prediction, warranty or representation whatsoever, expressly or impliedly, either as to the results to be obtained from the use of the FTSE Indices or the fitness or suitability of the Indices for any particular purpose to which they might be put.

Android is a trademark of Google Inc.

Vanguard Annuity Access is offered in collaboration with Hueler Investment Services, Inc. through the Income Solutions platform. Income Solutions is a registered trademark of Hueler Investment Services, Inc. and used under licence. United States Patent No. 7,653,560.

TurboTax and TurboTax Online are trademarks and service marks of Intuit Inc., registered in the United States and other countries.

Morningstar data © 2016 Morningstar, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed; and (3) does not constitute investment advice offered by Morningstar; and (4) is not warranted to be accurate, complete or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any damages or losses arising from any use of this information. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

The funds or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to any such funds or securities. The prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with Vanguard and any related funds.

Dividend Achievers is a trademark of The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. (collectively, with its affiliates, "NASDAQ OMX") and has been licensed for use by The Vanguard Group, Inc. Vanguard mutual funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold, or promoted by NASDAQ OMX, and NASDAQ OMX MAKES NO WARRANTIES AND BEARS NO LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO THE VANGUARD MUTUAL FUNDS.

Reader's Digest and the Pegasus logo are registered trademarks of The Reader's Digest Association, Inc. Used under licence.

The Russell Indexes and Russell® are registered trademarks of Russell Investments and have been licensed for use by The Vanguard Group, Inc. The products are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Russell Investments and Russell Investments makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in the products.

S&P® and S&P 500® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC ("S&P") and have been licensed for use by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and its affiliates and sublicensed for certain purposes by Vanguard. The S&P Index is a product of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and has been licensed for use by Vanguard. The Vanguard Fund(s) is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, Dow Jones, S&P or their respective affiliates, and none of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, Dow Jones, S&P nor their respective affiliates makes any representation regarding the advisability of investing in such product(s).

SEDOL Data has been provided from the London Stock Exchange's SEDOL Masterfile® SEDOL and SEDOL Masterfile® are registered trademarks of the London Stock Exchange Group PLC.

Upromise, the Upromise logo and Ugift are registered service marks of Upromise, Inc.

Visa and Plus are trademarks of Visa International Service Association. "Wilshire 4500" and "Wilshire 5000" are trademarks and "Wilshire" is a service mark of Wilshire Associates Incorporated and they have been licensed for use by The Vanguard Group, Inc. ("Vanguard"). The Vanguard funds and/or ETFs (the "Products") are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Wilshire Associates Incorporated or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, and they make no representation regarding the advisability of investing in the Products.

Automated Form and Signature Capture Technology Licensed under Comfidex US Patents 6,189,009 and 6,725,220.

Vanguard owns issued patents for its Vanguard Exchange-Traded Funds ("Vanguard ETFs") under US Patent Nos. 6,879,964; 7,337,138; 7,720,749; 7,925,573; and 8,090,646.

Vanguard owns issued patents for its Auto-Rebalancing methodology under US Patent Nos. 7,149,713 and 7,552,079.

Vanguard owns issued patents for its Bond ETF Dividend Declaration model under US Patent Nos. 7,792,725 and 8,175,944.

Vanguard owns issued patents for its Personal QDI Calculation Process under US Patent No. 7,953,661.

Vanguard owns issued patents for its Managed Payout Funds under US Patent Nos. 8,180,695; 8,185,464; and WIPO Application No. WO2009/036276.

Use of this website and limitation of liability

Your use of this website

You must not use this website (or permit or procure others to use it) for any unlawful, improper or illegal purpose or activity; to communicate or receive information that is obscene, indecent, pornographic, sadistic, cruel, or racist in content, of a sexually explicit or graphic nature, which promotes or incites discrimination, hatred or racism or which might be legally actionable for any reason; in a manner intended to threaten, harass, or intimidate; to violate any copyright, trademark, proprietary or other intellectual property rights of any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies or of any third party; to damage the Vanguard name or reputation or that of any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies or of any third parties; to impersonate any employee of any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies or any other person or use a false name while using this website or implying an association with The Vanguard Group of Companies; to penetrate The Vanguard Group of Companies' security measures or other entities' systems; to transmit unsolicited voluminous emails (for example, spamming) or to intercept, interfere with or redirect email intended for others using this website; to generate excessive amounts of internet traffic, to interfere with the network of The Vanguard Group of Companies or of any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies or any other person's use of this website or to engage in activities designed to or having the effect of degrading or denying service to users of this website or others; to introduce viruses, worms, harmful code and/or Trojan horses onto the internet or into this website or any other entity's systems and it is your responsibility to ensure that whatever you download or select for your use from this website is free from such items; to post or transmit information that is defamatory, fraudulent or deceptive; and/or to transmit confidential or proprietary information, except solely at your own risk.

User identification code

You may be provided with a user identification code and password to access this website or certain parts of it. You must treat this information as confidential and you must not disclose it to any third party or allow any third party to access this website using your user identification code or password. You are responsible for any use of this website by any third party to whom you have disclosed your user identification code and/or password. You agree to notify Vanguard Asset Management, Limited immediately if you suspect any unauthorised use of this website or of your user identification code or password.

Liability for use of this website/ Indemnity

YOU EXPRESSLY UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT YOUR USE OF THIS WEBSITE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE" BASIS. VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LIMITED DOES NOT ACCEPT ANY LIABILITY IF FOR ANY REASON THIS WEBSITE IS UNAVAILABLE AT ANY TIME OR FOR ANY PERIOD.

Information and opinions contained on this website have been compiled or arrived at by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited from sources believed to be reliable. However, to the extent permitted by law, Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, each other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies and other third parties affiliated to Vanguard Asset Management, Limited hereby expressly exclude all conditions, warranties, representations and other terms which might otherwise be implied by statute, common law or the law of equity and any liability for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, exemplary or consequential loss or damage of any kind incurred by any user in connection with this website or in reliance on the information or opinions contained in it or by anyone who may be informed of any of the contents of this website at any time, or by any user or any such other person in connection with the use, inability to use, or results of the use of this website or any sites linked to it or materials posted on it. This does not affect Vanguard Asset Management, Limited's liability for any loss or damage which cannot be excluded or limited under applicable law and does not exclude or restrict any duty or liability that Vanguard Asset Management, Limited has to any person under the regulatory system in the United Kingdom.

NEITHER VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LIMITED NOR ITS AFFILIATES, SUBSIDIARIES, DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, LICENSORS, OR ANY THIRD-PARTY INFORMATION PROVIDERS AND VENDORS WILL BE LIABLE UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NEGLIGENCE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE USE OF, OR THE INABILITY TO USE, THE MATERIALS IN THIS WEBSITE, EVEN IF VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LIMITED OR A VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LIMITED-AUTHORISED REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

The internet is not a completely reliable transmission medium and neither Vanguard Asset Management, Limited nor any other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies accepts any liability for any data transmission errors such as data loss or damage or alteration of any kind or for the security or confidentiality of information transmitted across the internet to or from Vanguard Asset Management, Limited or any other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies. Any such transmission of information is entirely at your own risk. This does not exclude or restrict any duty or liability that Vanguard Asset Management, Limited has to any person under the regulatory system in the United Kingdom.

You agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless The Vanguard Group of Companies, its subsidiaries and affiliates, and each of its and their officers, directors, employees and agents, from and against all claims, demands, liabilities, damages, losses or expenses, including legal fees and costs, arising out of or related to your improper access to or use of this website, or any violation by you of these terms and conditions.

Timeliness of content

All content on this website is presented only as of the date published or indicated, and may be superseded by subsequent market events or for other reasons. No reliance should be placed on this information in making any decision. In addition, you are responsible for setting the cache settings on your browser to ensure you are receiving the most recent data.

Termination

The rights granted to you herein terminate immediately upon any violation by you of these terms and conditions. Vanguard Asset Management, Limited, in its sole discretion, reserves the right to temporarily or permanently terminate your access to and use of this website at any time and for any reason whatsoever, without notice or liability. Neither Vanguard Asset Management, Limited nor any member of The Vanguard Group of Companies will be liable to you or any third party for any termination of your access to or use of this website.

Law and severability

These terms and conditions are governed by and shall be construed in accordance with the laws of England and Wales. The English courts will have non-exclusive jurisdiction over any dispute arising from, or related to, use of this website and it is a condition of using this website that you waive any objection to proceedings in such courts on the grounds of venue or that proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum, although each of Vanguard Asset Management, Limited and each other member of The Vanguard Group of Companies retains the right to bring proceedings against you for breach of these terms and conditions in your country of residence or any other relevant country.

If any provision of these terms and conditions is deemed unlawful, void, or for any reason unenforceable, then that provision will be deemed severable from these terms and conditions and will not affect the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of these terms and conditions. These terms and conditions represent the entire agreement between you and each member of The Vanguard Group of Companies relating to the subject matter herein.

Issued by Vanguard Asset Management, Limited which is authorised and regulated in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority.

© 2021 Vanguard Asset Management, Limited.